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Blood, 1 January 2008, Vol. 111, No. 1, pp. 328-337.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 21, 2007; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-101519.


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NEOPLASIA

High TCL1 expression and intact T-cell receptor signaling define a hyperproliferative subset of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

Marco Herling1,2, Kaushali A. Patel1, Michael A. Teitell3, Marina Konopleva4, Farhad Ravandi5, Ryuji Kobayashi6, and Dan Jones1

1 Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston; 2 Department of Medicine I, Cologne University, Cologne, Germany; 3 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA); 4 Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, 5 Department of Leukemia, and 6 Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston

The T-cell leukemia 1 (TCL1) oncoprotein is overexpressed by chromosomal rearrangement in the majority of cases of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). In vitro, TCL1 can modulate the activity of the serine-threonine kinase AKT, a downstream effector of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. In a series of 86 T-PLL tumors, we show that expression of TCR, and levels of TCL1 and activated AKT are adverse prognostic markers. High-level TCL1 in TCR-expressing T-PLL is associated with higher presenting white blood cell counts, faster tumor cell doubling, and enhanced in vitro growth response to TCR engagement. In primary tumors and TCL1-transfected T-cell lines, TCR engagement leads to rapid recruitment of TCL1 and AKT to transient membrane activation complexes that include TCR-associated tyrosine kinases, including LCK. Pharmacologic inhibition of AKT activation alters the localization, stability, and levels of these transient TCL1-AKT complexes and reduces tumor cell growth. Experimental introduction and knockdown of TCL1 influence the kinetics and strength of TCR-mediated AKT activation. We propose that in T-PLL, TCL1 represents a highly regulated, targetable modulator of TCR-mediated AKT growth signaling.


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