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Blood, 1 June 2008, Vol. 111, No. 11, pp. 5342-5349. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on March 7, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-12-128397.
IMMUNOBIOLOGY Development and dynamics of robust T-cell responses to CML under imatinib treatment1 Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; and 2 BD Biosciences–Immunocytometry Systems, San Jose, CA
Novel molecular targeted therapies, such as imatinib for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), represent the first agents that inhibit cancer cells more than other dividing cells, such as immune cells. We hypothesize that imatinib may create a window in which the immune response is partially restored while apoptotic leukemic cells are present, thus rendering leukemic cells immunogenic as patients enter remission. To detect and quantify antileukemia immune responses in an antigen-unbiased way, we used cryopreserved autologous pretreatment blood samples (representing predominantly leukemic cells) as stimulators to detect antileukemia T-cell responses in CML patients in remission on imatinib. We studied patients over time to address the dynamics of such responses. Our data show that antileukemia T-cell responses develop in the majority of CML patients (9 of 14) in remission and that CD4+ T cells producing tumor necrosis factor-
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