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Blood, 1 March 2008, Vol. 111, No. 5, pp. 2866-2877.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on January 8, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-07-103242.


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NEOPLASIA

Abolition of stress-induced protein synthesis sensitizes leukemia cells to anthracycline-induced death

Gro Gausdal1,2, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen2,3, Emmet McCormack2, Petra Van Damme4,5, Randi Hovland6, Camilla Krakstad1, Øystein Bruserud2,3, Kris Gevaert4,5, Joël Vandekerckhove4,5, and Stein Ove Døskeland1

1 Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; 2 Institute of Medicine, Hematology Section and 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 4 Department of Medical Protein Research, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent, Belgium; 5 Department of Biochemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; and 6 Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Anthracycline action has been thought to involve the neosynthesis of proapoptotic gene products and to therefore depend on protein synthesis for optimal effect. We found that inhibition of general, but not rapamycin-sensitive (cap-dependent), protein synthesis in the preapoptotic period enhanced anthracycline-induced acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell death, both in vitro and in several animal AML models. Pre-apoptotic anthracycline-exposed AML cells had altered translational specificity, with enhanced synthesis of a subset of proteins, including endoplasmatic reticulum chaperones. The altered translational specificity could be explained by perturbation (protein degradation, truncation, or dephosphorylation) of the cap-dependent translation initiation machinery and of proteins control-ing translation of specific mRNAs. We propose that judiciously timed inhibition of cap-independent translation is considered for combination therapy with anthracyclines in AML.


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