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Blood, 15 December 2008, Vol. 112, No. 13, pp. 5016-5025.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 18, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2007-12-129122.


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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Anti-inflammatory effects of an inflammatory chemokine: CCL2 inhibits lymphocyte homing by modulation of CCL21-triggered integrin-mediated adhesions

Liat Flaishon1,*, Gili Hart1,*, Einat Zelman1,*, Christine Moussion2,*, Valentin Grabovsky1, Guy Lapidot Tal1, Sara Feigelson1, Raanan Margalit1, Alon Harmelin3, Tamar Avin-Wittenberg1, David Shoseyov4, Ronen Alon1, Jean-Philippe Girard2, and Idit Shachar1

1 Department of Immunology, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; 2 Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), CNRS UMR 5089, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France; 3 Experimental Animal Center, the Weizman Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; and 4 Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel

Our studies focus on the pathways that restrict homing of specific subsets of immune cells, and thereby fine-tune the immune response at specific lymphoid and peripheral tissues. Here, we report that CCL2 (at picomolar [pM] levels) renders both murine and human T cells defective in their ability to develop CCR7-triggered activation of LFA-1– and LFA-1–mediated adhesion strengthening to endothelial ICAM-1 both in vitro and in vivo. CCL2 also attenuated lymphocyte chemotaxis toward lymph node chemokines. Consequently, low-dose CCL2 inhibited lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes but did not affect lymphocyte trafficking through the spleen. Impaired homing of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph nodes resulted in attenuated progression of both asthma and adjuvant arthritis. Thus, pM levels of circulating CCL2 can exert global suppressive effects on T-cell trafficking and differentiation within peripheral lymph nodes, and may be clinically beneficial as an anti-inflammatory agent.


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