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Blood, 1 November 2008, Vol. 112, No. 9, pp. 3753-3761. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 13, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-04-151506. This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Figures All Versions of this Article: blood-2008-04-151506v1 112/9/3753    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Rights and Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Welner, R. S. Articles by Kincade, P. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Welner, R. S. Articles by Kincade, P. W. Related Collections Immunobiology Related Article in Blood Online Social Bookmarking                   What's this?  Previous Article  |  Table of Contents  |  Next Article  IMMUNOBIOLOGY Lymphoid precursors are directed to produce dendritic cells as a result of TLR9 ligation during herpes infection Robert S. Welner1,*, Rosana Pelayo1,*, Yoshinori Nagai1, Karla P. Garrett1, Todd R. Wuest2, Daniel J. Carr2, Lisa A. Borghesi3, Michael A. Farrar4, and Paul W. Kincade1 1 Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City; 2 Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City; 3 Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, PA; and 4 Center for Immunology and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were previously found to express Toll-like receptors (TLRs), suggesting that bacterial/viral products may influence blood cell formation. We now show that common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) from mice with active HSV-1 infection are biased to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation, and the phenomenon is largely TLR9 dependent. Similarly, CLPs from mice treated with the TLR9 ligand CpG ODN had little ability to generate CD19+ B lineage cells and had augmented competence to generate DCs. TNF mediates the depletion of late-stage lymphoid progenitors from bone marrow in many inflammatory conditions, but redirection of lymphopoiesis occurred in TNF–/– mice treated with CpG ODN. Increased numbers of DCs with a lymphoid past were identified in Ig gene recombination substrate reporter mice treated with CpG ODN. TLR9 is highly expressed on lymphoid progenitors, and culture studies revealed that those receptors, rather than inflammatory cytokines, accounted for the production of several types of functional DCs. Common myeloid progenitors are normally a good source of DCs, but this potential was reduced by TLR9 ligation. Thus, alternate differentiation pathways may be used to produce innate effector cells in health and disease. CiteULike    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this? Related Article in Blood Online: The hematopoiesis paradigm: clarity or ambiguity? Chozhavendan Rathinam and Richard A. Flavell Blood 2008 112: 3534-3535. [Full Text] [PDF] This article has been cited by other articles: H. Agrawal, N. Jacob, E. Carreras, S. Bajana, C. Putterman, S. Turner, B. Neas, A. Mathian, M. N. Koss, W. Stohl, et al. Deficiency of Type I IFN Receptor in Lupus-Prone New Zealand Mixed 2328 Mice Decreases Dendritic Cell Numbers and Activation and Protects from Disease J. Immunol., November 1, 2009; 183(9): 6021 - 6029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] N. V. Serbina, T. M. Hohl, M. Cherny, and E. G. Pamer Selective Expansion of the Monocytic Lineage Directed by Bacterial Infection J. Immunol., August 1, 2009; 183(3): 1900 - 1910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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