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Blood, 23 April 2009, Vol. 113, No. 17, pp. 3918-3924.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on December 23, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-10-184069.


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CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS

NOTCH1/FBXW7 mutation identifies a large subgroup with favorable outcome in adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL): a Group for Research on Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GRAALL) study

Vahid Asnafi1,2,*, Agnès Buzyn1,*, Sandrine Le Noir1,2,*, Frédéric Baleydier1,2, Arnauld Simon1, Kheira Beldjord1,2, Oumedaly Reman3, Francis Witz4, Thierry Fagot5, Emmanuelle Tavernier6, Pascal Turlure7, Thibaut Leguay8, Françoise Huguet9, Jean-Paul Vernant10, Francis Daniel9, Marie-Christine Béné4, Norbert Ifrah11, Xavier Thomas12, Hervé Dombret13, and Elizabeth Macintyre1,2

1 Université Paris 5 Descartes and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) and Hematology Department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, Paris; 2 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) EMI0210; 3 Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier, Caen; 4 Department of Hematology and laboratoire d'immunophénotypage, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Vandoeuvre les Nancy; 5 Department of Hematology, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Percy, Clamart; 6 Department of Hematology, Institut de Cancérologie de la Loire, St Priest en Jarez; 7 Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Dupuytren, Limoges; 8 Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier du Haut Lévêque, Pessac; 9 Department of Hematology, Hôpital Purpan, Toulouse; 10 Department of Hematology, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris; 11 Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier, Angers; 12 Department of Hematology Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon; and 13 Department of Hematology Hôpital St-Louis, Paris, France

Many somatic genetic abnormalities have been identified in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) but each individual abnormality accounts for a small proportion of cases; therapeutic stratification consequently still relies on classical clinical markers. NOTCH1 and/or FBXW7 mutations both lead to activation of the NOTCH1 pathway and are among the most frequent mutations in T-ALL. We screened 141 adult diagnostic T-ALL samples from patients treated on either the Lymphoblastic Acute Leukemia in Adults (LALA)-94 (n = 87) or the GRAALL-2003 (n = 54) trials. In 88 cases (62%) there were demonstrated NOTCH1 mutations (42% heterodimerization [HD], 10% HD+proline glutamate serine threonine [PEST], 6% PEST, 2% juxtamembrane mutations, 2% transactivation domain [TAD]) and 34 cases (24%) had FBXW7 mutations (21 cases had both NOTCH1 and FBXW7 mutations); 40 cases (28%) were wild type for both. There was no significant correlation between NOTCH1 and/or FBXW7 mutations and clinico-biologic features. Median event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 36 versus 17 months (P = .01) and not reached versus 32 months (P = .004) in patients with NOTCH1 and/or FBXW7 mutations versus other patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of NOTCH1/FBXW7 mutations was an independent good prognostic factor for EFS and OS (P = .02 and P = .01, respectively). These data demonstrate that NOTCH1 pathway activation by either NOTCH1 or FBXW7 mutation identifies a large group of patients with a favorable outcome that could justify individual therapeutic stratification for T-ALL.


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