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 Blood, 12 February 2009, Vol. 113, No. 7, pp. 1474-1482.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 18, 2008; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-04-152587.

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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

SWAP-70 regulates RhoA/RhoB-dependent MHCII surface localization in dendritic cells

Carlos Ocana-Morgner1, Christine Wahren1, and Rolf Jessberger1

1 Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany

Stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) mature and migrate to lymphoid organs to prime naive T cells. DC maturation augments antigen-presentation capacity of DCs by increasing peptide loading, half-life, and cell surface localization of MHC molecules. Activated SWAP-70–/– DCs fail to properly localize MHCII molecules in the plasma membrane, are strongly impaired in T-cell activation, and are altered in F-actin rearrangement. MHCII synthesis, invariant chain removal, and MHCII internalization, however, are unaffected. MHCII surface localization is known to require RhoGTPases. Surprisingly, SWAP70, hitherto known to bind F-actin and Rac, also binds RhoA-GTP. In SWAP-70–/– DCs, RhoA and RhoB are stimulus-independent and constitutively active. Surface localization of MHCII molecules and T-cell activation can be restored by blocking RhoA and RhoB before but not during DC activation. Thus, contrasting positive regulation of Rac, SWAP-70 negatively regulates RhoA and—indirectly—RhoB, preventing premature RhoA/RhoB activation. Through RhoA/RhoB regulation, SWAP-70 defines a new pathway to control surface localization of MHCII, a critical element in DC-dependent immune responses.


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