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Blood, 2 July 2009, Vol. 114, No. 1, pp. 174-180.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 7, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-02-207811.


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RED CELLS, IRON, AND ERYTHROPOIESIS

Impaired FANCD2 monoubiquitination and hypersensitivity to camptothecin uniquely characterize Fanconi anemia complementation group M

Thiyam Ramsing Singh1, Sietske T. Bakker2,3, Sheba Agarwal2, Michael Jansen1, Elke Grassman1, Barbara C. Godthelp4, Abdullah Mahmood Ali1, Chang-hu Du1, Martin A. Rooimans2, Qiang Fan1, Kebola Wahengbam1, Jurgen Steltenpool2, Paul R. Andreassen1, David A. Williams1, Hans Joenje2, Johan P. de Winter2, and Amom Ruhikanta Meetei1

1 Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH; 2 Department of Clinical Genetics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 3 Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; and 4 Department of Toxicogenetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

FANCM is a component of the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex and one FA patient (EUFA867) with biallelic mutations in FANCM has been described. Strikingly, we found that EUFA867 also carries biallelic mutations in FANCA. After correcting the FANCA defect in EUFA867 lymphoblasts, a "clean" FA-M cell line was generated. These cells were hypersensitive to mitomycin C, but unlike cells defective in other core complex members, FANCM–/– cells were proficient in monoubiquitinating FANCD2 and were sensitive to the topoisomerase inhibitor camptothecin, a feature shared only with the FA subtype D1 and N. In addition, FANCM–/– cells were sensitive to UV light. FANCM and a C-terminal deletion mutant rescued the cross-linker sensitivity of FANCM–/– cells, whereas a FANCM ATPase mutant did not. Because both mutants restored the formation of FANCD2 foci, we conclude that FANCM functions in an FA core complex–dependent and –independent manner.


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