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Blood, 3 September 2009, Vol. 114, No. 10, pp. 2060-2067. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on June 4, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2008-11-189399.
CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents with recurrent and refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation1 Department of Pediatrics and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; 2 LWP Statistician, Research Institute, Hospital de la Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; 3 Department of Hematology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium; 4 Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach-Tikva, Israel; 5 Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; 6 Oncology-Haematology & Cell Therapy Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 7 Department of Hematology, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom; 8 Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; 9 Haematology & Immunology Pediatric Unit, Hôpital Robert Debre, Paris, France; 10 Servicio de Hematologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; 11 Bone Marrow & Stem Cell Transplantation Clinic, King Hussein Cancer Centre, Amman, Jordan; 12 Department of Pediatric Hematology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; 13 Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; 14 Institute G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy; 15 Clinical Hematology Division, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; and 16 Asklepios Klinik St Georg, Hamburg, Germany Ninety-one children and adolescents 18 years or younger after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) were analyzed. Fifty-one patients received reduced intensity conditioning (RIC); 40 patients received myeloablative conditioning (MAC). Nonrelapse mortality (NRM) at 1 year was 21% (± 4%), with comparable results after RIC or MAC. Probabilities of relapse at 2 and 5 years were 36% (± 5%) and 44% (± 6%), respectively. RIC was associated with an increased relapse risk compared with MAC; most apparent beginning 9 months after HSCT (P = .01). Progression-free survival (PFS) was 40% (± 6%) and 30% (± 6%) and overall survival (OS) was 54% (± 6%) and 45% (± 6%) at 2 and 5 years, respectively. Disease status at HSCT was predictive of PFS in multivariate analysis (P < .001). Beyond 9 months, PFS after RIC was lower compared with MAC (P = .02). Graft-versus-host disease did not affect relapse rate and PFS. In conclusion, children and adolescents with recurring HL show reasonable results with allogeneic HSCT. Especially patients allografted in recent years with good performance status and chemosensitive disease show highly encouraging results (PFS: 60% ± 27%, OS: 83% ± 15% at 3 years). Because relapse remains the major cause of treatment failure, additional efforts to improve disease control are necessary.
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