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 Blood, 16 July 2009, Vol. 114, No. 3, pp. 596-599.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 26, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-02-203935.

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IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Brief report

Type 17 CD8+ T cells display enhanced antitumor immunity

Christian S. Hinrichs1,*, Andrew Kaiser1,*, Chrystal M. Paulos1,*, Lydie Cassard1, Luis Sanchez-Perez1, Bianca Heemskerk2, Claudia Wrzesinski1, Zachary A. Borman1, Pawel Muranski1, and Nicholas P. Restifo1

1 National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD; and 2 Department of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Interleukin-17 (IL-17)–secreting CD8+ T cells have been described, but they have not been thoroughly studied and they do not have a known role in cancer immunotherapy. We skewed CD8+ T cells to secrete IL-17 through priming in Th17-polarizing conditions. IL-17–producing CD8+ T cells demonstrated reduced expression of Eomes and diminished cytolytic differentiation in vitro. However, after adoptive transfer, these cells converted to interferon-{gamma}–producing effector cells and mediated regression of large, established tumors. This improved antitumor immunity was associated with increased expression of IL-7R-alpha, decreased expression of killer cell lectin-like receptor G1, and enhanced persistence of the transferred cells. This report is the first description of a cancer therapy with IL-17–secreting CD8+ T cells. These findings have implications for the improvement of CD8+ T cell–based adoptive immunotherapy.


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