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Blood, 13 August 2009, Vol. 114, No. 7, pp. 1306-1313. Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on May 18, 2009; DOI 10.1182/blood-2009-02-202762.
CLINICAL TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONS High-dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as salvage treatment for AIDS-related lymphoma: long-term results of the Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS and Tumors (GICAT) study with analysis of prognostic factors1 Division of Hematology, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia; 2 Cell Therapy and High Dose Chemotherapy Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano; 3 Clinic of Infectious Disease, University of Brescia, Brescia; 4 Division of Hematology, Ospedale SS Antonio e Biagio, Alessandria; 5 Division of Medical Oncology A, National Cancer Institute, Aviano; 6 Department of Laboratory Medicine and Cell Therapy, Hematopoietic Stem Cells Collection and Processing Unit, National Cancer Institute, Aviano; and 7 Department of Immune-Hematology and Transfusional Medicine, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy After the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), intensive treatment, including high-dose therapy (HDT) and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT), has become feasible in HIV-positive patients with Hodgkin (HL) and non-Hodgkin (NHL) lymphoma. Herein, we report the long-term results, on an intention-to-treat basis, of a prospective study on HDT and PBSCT in 50 HIV-positive HAART-responding patients with refractory/relapsed lymphoma. After debulking therapy, 2 patients had early toxic deaths, 10 had chemoresistant disease, 6 failed stem cell mobilization, 1 refused collection, and 4 progressed soon after PBSC harvest. Twenty-seven actually received transplant. Twenty-one patients are alive and disease-free after a median follow-up of 44 months (OS, 74.6%; PFS, 75.9%). Only lymphoma response significantly affected OS after transplantation. In multivariate analyses both lymphoma stage and low CD4 count negatively influenced the possibility to receive transplant. Median OS of all 50 eligible patients was 33 months (OS, 49.8%; PFS, 48.9%). Low CD4 count, marrow involvement, and poor performance status independently affected survival. PBSCT is a highly effective salvage treatment for chemosensitive AIDS-related lymphoma. It seems rational to explore its use earlier during the course of lymphoma to increase the proportion of patients who can actually receive transplant.
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