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Platelet alpha granules contain a growth factor for fibroblasts
DR Kaplan, FC Chao, CD Stiles, HN Antoniades and CD Scher
Platelets contain a polypeptide growth factor that stimulates the
replication of normal connective tissue cells; this platelet-derived growth
factor (PDGF) is released during the clotting process. Human platelets from
normal volunteers were disrupted by nitrogen cavitation, and the
subcellular organelles were fractionated by ultracentrifugation through a
30%--60% sucrose gradient. Electron microscopy revealed that fraction 7
(density 1.23 g/liter) contained the largest number of alpha granules. The
specific activity of platelet fibrinogen, an alpha- granule marker, was
also highest in this fraction. The subcellular fractions were assay for the
presence of PDGF and for beta- thromboglobulin. PDGF was assayed
quantitatively by the stimulation of DNA synthesis in confluent
growth-arrested BALB/c-3T3 cells, whereas the concentration of
beta-thromboglobulin was determined by radioimmunoassay. The highest
concentrations of both PDGF and beta- thromboglobulin were found in the
alpha-granule fraction. In contrast, beta-glucuronidase, a lysosomal
enzyme, was more diffusely distributed and had its highest specific
activity in fractions of lower density than those for PDGS,
beta-thromboglobulin, or fibrinogen. The data demonstrate that the alpha
granules of platelets provide a unique delivery system for PDGF, a
polypeptide hormone with growth-promoting activity for connective tissue
cells.
Volume 53,
Issue 6,
pp. 1043-1052,
06/01/1979
Copyright © 1979 by The American Society of Hematology
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