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Characterization of the effect of influenza virus on polymorphonuclear
leukocyte membrane responses
JS Abramson, JW Parce, JC Lewis, DS Lyles, EL Mills, RD Nelson and DA Bass
Depressed chemotactic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL)
infected with influenza virus could be due to changes occurring at the
plasma membrane. The present study examined the effect of unopsonized
influenza virus on chemotaxis, adherence, receptor binding, shape change,
membrane fluidity, and release of specific granules from PMNL. Chemotactic
activity of PMNL under-agarose to the chemoattractants, zymosan-activated
serum ( ZAS ) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl- phenylalanine (fMLP), and
adherence of PMNL to a plastic surface were markedly decreased in
virus-treated cells as compared to control cells. The binding of fMLP to
the PMNL was increased in virus-treated cells compared with control cells.
Exposure of cells to virus, ZAS , or fMLP caused 35%-50% of the cells to
become bipolar in shape, whereas less than 5% of the cells exposed to
buffer became bipolar. Influenza virus did not alter membrane fluidity as
measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy with the probe 5-doxyl
stearate. Virus-treated PMNL stimulated with FMLP or Staphylococcus aureus
exhibited a marked decrease in the amount of lactoferrin released into
phagosomes, onto the cells' outer membrane, and into the extracellular
medium as compared to control cells. The possible relationship between
inhibition of lysosomal enzyme degranulation and decreased chemotactic
activity and adherence of PMNL is discussed.
Volume 64,
Issue 1,
pp. 131-138,
07/01/1984
Copyright © 1984 by The American Society of Hematology
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