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JL Villeval, P Cramer, F Lemoine, A Henri, A Bettaieb, F Bernaudin, Y Beuzard, R Berger, G Flandrin and J Breton-Gorius
Nine cases of early erythroblastic leukemia, unidentified by usual
criteria, have been diagnosed using a panel of antibodies. Three cases
arose in patients with Down's syndrome, one in a patient with therapy-
related leukemia, and four patients were in blast crisis of chronic myeloid
leukemia; only one case arose de novo. Blast cells could be assigned to two
main stages of erythroid differentiation: presence of all
erythroid-specific proteins in two patients, a phenotype corresponding to
an immature erythroblast; absence of the erythroid markers such as
glycophorin A and spectrin in the presence of carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme
I, ABH group antigens, and the antigen defined by FA6 152 monoclonal
antibody in six patients, a phenotype related to a late erythroid
progenitor (CFU-E). One patient had an intermediate phenotype. All patients
except one demonstrated a megakaryocytic component. In three patients,
chromosomal abnormalities were present, detected both in blasts and in
erythroid colonies. In conclusion, these findings indicate that most
"cryptic erythroleukemias" are blocked at a "CFU-E-like" stage of
differentiation, it may be a frequent event in Down's syndrome and chronic
myeloid leukemia, and these erythroleukemias are phenotypically
heterogeneous.
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