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Effective salvage therapy for lymphoma with cisplatin in combination with
high-dose Ara-C and dexamethasone (DHAP)
WS Velasquez, F Cabanillas, P Salvador, P McLaughlin, M Fridrik, S Tucker, S Jagannath, FB Hagemeister, JR Redman and F Swan
Department of Hematology, University of Texas System Cancer Center, M.D.
Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston 77030.
Ninety patients with progressive recurrent lymphoma were treated with a
combination of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) by continuous
infusion over 24 hours, followed by cytosine arabinoside in two pulses each
at a dose of 2 g/m2 given 12 hours apart. Dexamethasone, 40 mg orally or
IV, was given on days 1 through 4. Vigorous hydration was reinforced by
routine use of mannitol. Treatments were repeated at 3- to 4-week intervals
for six to ten courses. Most patients had not achieved complete remission
(CR) with prior therapies, which included Adriamycin (all patients) and
methotrexate and VP-16 (58 patients). Median patient age was 55 years.
Intermediate-grade lymphoma was the most frequent pathologic diagnosis.
Seven patients died within two weeks of therapy; of the remaining 83
patients, 28 (34%) or 31% if all patients are considered, achieved CR, and
22 (26.5%) achieved partial remission (PR). Response was evident after the
first two cycles of chemotherapy and appeared to be independent of the
histopathologic type of lymphoma. To date, only eight of the complete
responders have relapsed at a median follow-up of 11 months. The overall
2-year survival in 25%. Further analysis showed that patients with low
tumor burden and normal lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) had a high CR
response rate (67%) and a survival rate of 61% at 2 years. In contrast,
patients with both high tumor burden and elevated serum LDH levels had a
negligible CR rate, and only 5% are surviving at 1 year. Patients with
either high tumor burden with normal LDH or low tumor burden with elevated
LDH had an intermediate survival. Myelosuppression-related infection was
the most frequent serious complication of this regimen (31%) and the cause
of death of ten patients. Acute lysis syndrome was also observed in five
patients with high tumor burden and was the cause of death in three of
these patients. DHAP has proven to be an effective non-crossresistant
regimen for patients with relapsing or refractory lymphoma, particularly
for patients who have favorable prognostic characteristics.
Volume 71,
Issue 1,
pp. 117-122,
01/01/1988
Copyright © 1988 by The American Society of Hematology

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