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Elevated serum-soluble interleukin-2 receptor (Tac antigen) levels in
chronic myelogenous leukemia patients with blastic crisis
T Motoi, T Uchiyama, T Hori, K Itoh, H Uchino and R Ueda
First Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University,
Japan.
We examined the expression of cell-surface interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor
(Tac antigen) on peripheral blood leukemic cells and measured soluble IL-2
receptor p55(alpha) chain (sIL-2R) levels in sera from chronic myelogenous
leukemia (CML) patients with blastic crisis. Flow cytofluorometric analysis
performed by dual immunofluorescence in three cases demonstrated
coexpression of Tac antigen with myeloid (CD13, CD14, or CD33) or lymphoid
(CD10) antigen on significant proportions of peripheral blood leukemic
cells. Radiolabeled IL-2-binding assay demonstrated the specific IL-2
binding sites in three cases examined. The exogenous IL-2, however, failed
to induce proliferative response. A myeloid cell line, Yut-K3, established
from peripheral blood leukemic cells from a CML patient with blastic
crisis, also expressed cell- surface Tac antigen and CD13 concurrently.
SIL-2R assay showed that Yut- K3 released a detectable amount of sIL-2R in
its culture supernatant. The serum sIL-2R levels were significantly
elevated (range: 2,580 to 172,000 U/mL) in 12 CML patients with blastic
crisis and were slightly elevated in ten patients in chronic phase (range:
250 to 820 U/mL) and in three in accelerated phase (range: 790 to 1,305
U/mL) compared with those in 24 normal controls (range: 70 to 695 U/mL, P
less than .01). These results indicated that the leukemic cells from CML
patients with blastic crisis expressed and released IL-2 receptor (Tac
antigen). Longitudinal studies performed in three cases of CML with blastic
crisis showed that the change of serum sIL-2R level was closely associated
with that of the number of peripheral blood leukocytes and blasts, the
percentage of blasts and serum LDH levels, also suggesting that the serum
sIL-2R level is a useful clinical indicator of the leukemic cell burden in
vivo.
Volume 74,
Issue 3,
pp. 1052-1057,
08/15/1989
Copyright © 1989 by The American Society of Hematology
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