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Artificial surface effect on red blood cells and platelets in laminar shear
flow
TM Alkhamis, RL Beissinger and JR Chediak
Department of Chemical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology,
Chicago 60616.
Red blood cell (RBC) effects on platelet adhesion to a nonbiologic test
surface (tetrafluoroethylene propylene copolymer) and platelet aggregation
during laminar shear flow for shear rates to 5,680 s-1 (corresponding to
shear stress to 200 dyne/cm2) were investigated. Results on hemoglobin (Hb)
and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) release from RBCs, percent decrease of
single platelets in the bulk, and percent of test surface covered with
platelets were obtained in a cone-and-plate (CP) viscometer for samples of
whole blood, suspensions of RBC ghosts in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and
suspensions of RBCs in either PRP or platelet-poor plasma. Results obtained
over the shear rate range studied for samples of normal hematocrit
indicated that low-stress shearing led to ADP and Hb release from intact
RBCs; shear-induced release of ADP from RBCs was about twice that of
platelets, and of the total ADP released, the ADP released from RBCs
contributed about six times that of the platelets to single platelet
reduction in the bulk and about twice that of the platelets to platelet
adhesion, ie, coverage of the test surface with platelets. Results obtained
for various hematocrits showed that above a threshold hematocrit of about
25% to 35% the RBCs (suspended in PRP) had a greater contribution to ADP
release, platelet adhesion, and platelet aggregation than the platelets
themselves. Single platelet reduction for samples of RBC ghosts suspended
in PRP correlated with shear rate level and not with shear stress.
Volume 75,
Issue 7,
pp. 1568-1575,
04/01/1990
Copyright © 1990 by The American Society of Hematology
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