|
|
 Previous Article | Table of Contents | Next Article 
Induction of interleukin-6 during human immunodeficiency virus infection
DL Birx, RR Redfield, K Tencer, A Fowler, DS Burke and G Tosato
Division of Retrovirology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research,
Washington DC.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine produced in monocytes,
fibroblasts, and other cell types, is induced by a variety of stimuli,
including bacteria, viruses, and other cytokines. When normal monocyte
cultures were exposed to a monocytotropic strain of human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV), HTLV-IIIBa-L, significant levels of IL-6 bioactivity were
detected in the culture supernatants after 12 to 43 days of incubation, at
a time when there was associated evidence of HIV production. Similarly,
when normal monocyte cultures were cocultured with peripheral blood
mononuclear cells from HIV-infected individuals, HIV replication in these
cultures was associated with production of IL- 6. In further studies, we
determined that mean serum levels of IL-6 bioactivity were abnormally
elevated in HIV-seropositive individuals with stage 1/2 infection (25.2
x/divided by 1.8 U/mL) and stage 3/4 infection (46.1 x/divided by 1.7 U/mL)
when compared with normals (1.6 x/divided by 1.2 U/mL). In contrast mean
serum IL-6 levels were not different from normal in stage 5/6 infection
(2.7 x/divided by 1.6 U/mL). A selected group of 12 HIV-seropositive
individuals (stages 1, 2, and 3) who harbored HIV capable of replicating in
T cells but not in monocyte cultures had a mean serum IL-6 level of 5.3
U/mL (x/divided by 1.5), a value significantly lower (P less than .004)
than that measured in control HIV-seropositive individuals infected with
monocytropic HIV (39 x/divided by 1.9 U/mL). In addition, serum IL-6 levels
in HIV- seropositive individuals (stages 1 through 6) correlated directly
with serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels (R = .74, P less than .001).
Monocytes but not T cells are capable of a high level IL-6 production in
vitro, and monocyte-derived IL-6 stimulates Ig production in activated B
cells. Thus, HIV-seropositive individuals who often are infected with
monocytotropic HIV and often display abnormally elevated serum IgG levels
may exhibit these abnormalities as a consequence of abnormally elevated
IL-6 levels induced by HIV.
Volume 76,
Issue 11,
pp. 2303-2310,
12/01/1990
Copyright © 1990 by The American Society of Hematology
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
G. Martin, J. Roy, C. Barat, M. Ouellet, C. Gilbert, and M. J. Tremblay
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Associated CD40 Ligand Transactivates B Lymphocytes and Promotes Infection of CD4+ T Cells
J. Virol.,
June 1, 2007;
81(11):
5872 - 5881.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Zhang, J. Drenkow, C. S. R. Lankford, D. M. Frucht, R. L. Rabin, T. R. Gingeras, C. Venkateshan, F. Schwartzkopff, K. A. Clouse, and A. I. Dayton
HIV regulation of the IL-7R: a viral mechanism for enhancing HIV-1 replication in human macrophages in vitro
J. Leukoc. Biol.,
June 1, 2006;
79(6):
1328 - 1338.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Blutt, S. E. Crawford, K. L. Warfield, D. E. Lewis, M. K. Estes, and M. E. Conner
The VP7 Outer Capsid Protein of Rotavirus Induces Polyclonal B-Cell Activation
J. Virol.,
July 1, 2004;
78(13):
6974 - 6981.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Matetzky, M. Domingo, S. Kar, M. Noc, P. K. Shah, S. Kaul, E. Daar, and B. Cercek
Acute Myocardial Infarction in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients
Arch Intern Med,
February 24, 2003;
163(4):
457 - 460.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Cremer, V. Vieillard, and E. De Maeyer
Retrovirally Mediated IFN-{beta} Transduction of Macrophages Induces Resistance to HIV, Correlated with Up-Regulation of RANTES Production and Down-Regulation of C-C Chemokine Receptor-5 Expression
J. Immunol.,
February 1, 2000;
164(3):
1582 - 1587.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Chougnet, S. S. Cohen, T. Kawamura, A. L. Landay, H. A. Kessler, E. Thomas, A. Blauvelt, and G. M. Shearer
Normal Immune Function of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells from HIV-Infected Individuals: Implications for Immunotherapy
J. Immunol.,
August 1, 1999;
163(3):
1666 - 1673.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. A. Mackowiak
Concepts of Fever
Arch Intern Med,
September 28, 1998;
158(17):
1870 - 1881.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Esser, W. Glienke, R. Andreesen, R. E. Unger, M. Kreutz, H. Rubsamen-Waigmann, and H. von Briesen
Individual Cell Analysis of the Cytokine Repertoire in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Monocytes/Macrophages by a Combination of Immunocytochemistry and In Situ Hybridization
Blood,
June 15, 1998;
91(12):
4752 - 4760.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Biswas, F. Delfanti, S. Bernasconi, M. Mengozzi, M. Cota, N. Polentarutti, A. Mantovani, A. Lazzarin, S. Sozzani, and G. Poli
Interleukin-6 Induces Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and in the U937 Cell Line
Blood,
January 1, 1998;
91(1):
258 - 265.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T Kishimoto, S Akira, and T Taga
Interleukin-6 and its receptor: a paradigm for cytokines
Science,
October 23, 1992;
258(5082):
593 - 597.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
