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Effects of recombinant human interleukin-3 in patients with myelodysplastic
syndromes
A Ganser, G Seipelt, A Lindemann, OG Ottmann, S Falk, M Eder, F Herrmann, R Becher, K Hoffken and T Buchner
Department of Hematology, University of Frankfurt, West Germany.
In a phase I-II study, nine patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and
concomitant severe transfusion-dependent cytopenias were treated with
recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) to improve hematopoietic function.
Doses of rhIL-3 ranged from 250 micrograms/m2 to 500 micrograms/m2 and were
given as daily subcutaneous bolus injections for 15 days. Blood leucocyte
counts increased 1.3- to 3.6-fold in all nine patients, including
neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, basophils, and monocytes. The mean
absolute neutrophil counts increased from 1,350/microL (range, 150 to
2,420) to 2,660/microL (range, 300 to 9,380) (P less than .05) immediately
after the end of rhIL-3 therapy and to a maximum count of 4,096/microL
(range, 350 to 10,820) (P less than .01). Platelet responses were seen in
two of four profoundly thrombocytopenic patients, resulting in
discontinuation of platelet transfusion. The requirements for red blood
cell transfusion temporarily improved in one patient. Stimulation of plasma
cells was evident by a significant increase in serum IgM and IgA levels.
Mild side effects (fever, headache, local erythema, and bone pain) were
observed in some patients, while transient thrombocytopenia developed in
two patients. Disease progression with an increase in blast cells was seen
in one patient. These results suggest that rhIL-3 is effective in
stimulating hematopoiesis of all lineages in patients with myelodysplastic
syndromes and may produce at least short-term hematologic improvement.
Volume 76,
Issue 3,
pp. 455-462,
08/01/1990
Copyright © 1990 by The American Society of Hematology
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