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Platelet vitronectin receptor expression differentiates Iraqi-Jewish from
Arab patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia in Israel
BS Coller, DA Cheresh, E Asch and U Seligsohn
Department of Medicine, State University of New York, Stony Brook 11704.
Glanzmann thrombasthenia is a rare, inherited disorder of the platelet
glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb/IIIa) complex. We previously identified two
distinct populations with this disorder in Israel, Iraqi-Jews and Arabs.
The groups are indistinguishable in hemorrhagic symptoms and platelet GP
IIB/IIIa receptor deficiency, but they differ in their platelet
immunodetectable GP IIIa (beta 3), with the Iraqi-Jewish population
expressing no detectable GP IIIa and the Arab population expressing small
amounts. We have now examined the platelets of these two populations as
well as normal platelets for the alpha v beta 3 vitronectin receptor.
Normal platelets contained between approximately 50 to 100 alpha v beta 3
vitronectin receptors as judged by the binding of antibodies to both alpha
v (LM142) and the intact alpha v beta 3 vitronectin receptor complex
(LM609). In addition, normal platelets bound to immobilized vitronectin in
the presence of 1 mmol/LMnCl2; the adhesion was mediated predominantly
through GP IIb/IIIa, but with a distinct contribution by the alpha v beta 3
vitronectin receptor, as determined by monoclonal antibody inhibition
studies. Iraqi-Jewish patients' platelets had a profound decrease in
immunodetectable alpha v beta 3 vitronectin receptors, and their platelets
did not adhere well to vitronectin. In contrast, Arab patients' platelets
had normal or increased numbers of platelet alpha v beta 3 vitronectin
receptors, and these receptors functioned well in the vitronectin adhesion
assay, taking over much of the adhesion mediated by GP IIb/IIIa in normal
platelets. These studies define further the heterogeneity of the molecular
basis of Glanzmann thrombasthenia; they also have more widespread
implications for understanding the synthesis and function of the beta 3
family of integrin receptors.
Volume 77,
Issue 1,
pp. 75-83,
01/01/1991
Copyright © 1991 by The American Society of Hematology
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