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Comparison of anticoagulant and procoagulant activities of stimulated
platelets and platelet-derived microparticles
G Tans, J Rosing, MC Thomassen, MJ Heeb, RF Zwaal and JH Griffin
Department of Biochemistry, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The
Netherlands.
Activation of human platelets considerably enhanced their ability to
accelerate factor Va inactivation by activated protein C (APC). The
anticoagulant activity of platelet suspensions was markedly dependent on
the kind of agonist used to activate platelets. APC-catalyzed factor Va
inactivation in free solution was characterized by an apparent second-order
rate constant of 2 x 10(5) (mol/L)-1 (seconds)-1. Nonstimulated platelets
(2.4 x 10(8)/mL) and platelets stimulated with adenosine diphosphate or
adrenalin accelerated factor Va inactivation fourfold. Rates of factor Va
inactivation were increased 11-fold by thrombin-stimulated platelets,
29-fold after platelet stimulation with the Ca(2+)-ionophore A23187. At low
platelet concentrations (3 x 10(7)/mL) only background levels of
anticoagulant activity were observed in platelet suspensions that were
nonstimulated or stimulated with thrombin or collagen. However, when such
reaction mixtures were stirred during the activation procedure, platelet
anticoagulant activity was increased more than 10-fold. Independent of
platelet stimulation and stirring conditions, exogenously added purified
plasma protein S increased platelet-dependent factor Va inactivation
approximately twofold. Addition of a neutralizing antiprotein S antibody
had little effect on the anticoagulant activity of platelets. This
indicates that, under the reaction conditions tested, platelet- released
protein S did not contribute to factor Va inactivation. Approximately 25%
of the anticoagulant activity of stimulated platelet suspensions appeared
to be associated with microparticles that were released on platelet
activation. Such microparticles may provide an important source of
anticoagulant activity. A similar distribution of procoagulant, ie,
prothrombinase, activity between platelets and microparticles was observed
for the same platelet suspensions. Because platelet stimulation and
stirring also had the same overall effects on the ability of platelets and
platelet microparticles to promote prothrombin activation and factor Va
inactivation, it appears likely that the generation of potential platelet
anticoagulant and procoagulant activities is coupled to the same platelet
stimulation reactions.
Volume 77,
Issue 12,
pp. 2641-2648,
06/15/1991
Copyright © 1991 by The American Society of Hematology
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