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Effects of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 on the proliferation of CD34+
and CD34- blasts from acute myelogenous leukemia
K Akashi, M Harada, T Shibuya, T Eto, Y Takamatsu, T Teshima and Y Niho
First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
We studied the effects of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6 on the growth of
leukemic blasts from 40 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
Patients were selected on the basis of negativity for a series of B-cell
antigens including CD10 and CD19. Twenty-one cases were CD34- positive
(CD34+) (greater than 15% of blasts) and the remaining 19 were
CD34-negative (CD34-) (less than 3% of blasts). IL-4 alone (100 U/ml) could
stimulate either DNA synthesis (with greater than 2.0 stimulation index) or
leukemic blast colony formation in 24 of 40 AML patients. In the presence
of other growth factors, IL-4 showed divergent effects on IL-3-,
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-, granulocyte
colony-stimulating factor-, or erythropoietin-dependent colony formation.
These effects of IL-4 were observed in both CD34+ and CD34- AML cases. IL-6
(100 U/mL) alone could not stimulate DNA synthesis and blast colony
formation except for one CD34+ case. On the other hand, IL- 6 showed
synergistic effects on IL-3- and IL-4-dependent blast colony formation in
10 of 12 and 7 of 9 CD34+ AML cases, respectively. Among CD34- AML cases,
such synergism was seen only in 1 of 12 cases for IL-3- dependent colony
formation and in 3 of 7 cases for IL-4-dependent colony formation. The
divergent effect of IL-4 and the synergistic effect of IL-6 were also
observed in purified CD34+ leukemic blast populations, indicating that
these phenomena are not mediated by accessory cells. The present study
suggests that IL-4, alone or in combination with other growth factors, has
divergent effects on the growth of AML progenitors irrespective of the CD34
expression, and that IL-6 acts synergistically with IL-3 or IL-4 on the
growth of leukemic progenitors preferentially in CD34+ AML.
Volume 78,
Issue 1,
pp. 197-204,
07/01/1991
Copyright © 1991 by The American Society of Hematology
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