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Transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the interleukin-4 and
interleukin-3 genes in human T cells
WH Dokter, MT Esselink, SJ Sierdsema, MR Halie and E Vellenga
Department of Medicine, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Human T cells were studied with regard to the regulation of interleukin- 4
(IL-4) and IL-3 gene expression. IL-4 and IL-3 mRNA were undetectable in
unstimulated T cells. On activation with the lectin concanavalin A (Con A),
both IL-4 and IL-3 mRNA were expressed. Accumulation of IL-4 mRNA peaked
after 6 to 12 hours, whereas IL-3 mRNA levels peaked after 3 to 6 hours of
stimulation with Con A. Nuclear run-on assays showed a low constitutive
transcription for both genes. The transcription rates were increased by Con
A resulting in a peak for IL-4 after 1 hour (30% increase) and for IL-3
after 3 hours (40% increase) of Con A treatment. mRNA stability studies
demonstrated that on activation with Con A both messages decayed with a
half-life of approximately 90 minutes. No IL-4 or IL-3 mRNA expression was
induced by the protein kinase C activator phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).
However, PMA augmented the Con A- induced IL-4 and IL-3 mRNA accumulation.
This was shown to be mediated at posttranscriptional level by a large
increase in the stability of both messages (t 1/2 > 3 hours). The
transcription rate of both genes was also enhanced by Con A+PMA and reached
peak levels for IL-4 after 1 hour (90% increase) and for IL-3 after 3 hours
(70% increase) of stimulation. Furthermore, it appeared that the induction
of IL-4 mRNA was dependent on protein synthesis because cycloheximide (CHX)
blocked the Con A- and Con A+PMA-induced expression of IL-4 mRNA. In
contrast, CHX inhibited, but failed to completely block, the Con A- and Con
A+PMA- induced IL-3 mRNA expression, whereas the expression of both genes
was completely blocked by cyclosporine A. With regard to the secretion of
IL-4 protein it was shown that it closely follows the accumulation of IL-4
mRNA. Taken together, the data show that expression of the IL-4 and IL-3
genes in human T cells is controlled by different activation pathways that
affect the gene regulation at transcriptional and posttranscriptional
levels.
Volume 81,
Issue 1,
pp. 35-40,
01/01/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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