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Nasal T-cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic entity associated with peculiar
phenotype and with Epstein-Barr virus
P Kanavaros, MC Lescs, J Briere, M Divine, F Galateau, I Joab, J Bosq, JP Farcet, F Reyes and P Gaulard
Departement de Pathologie, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.
Recent evidence has shown that most nasal lymphomas (NL) are associated
with a T-cell phenotype and are thus called nasal T-cell lymphomas (NTCL),
but little information is available about the T-cell receptor (TCR)
expression. The presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome has been
recently reported in NTCL in Oriental populations in which NL and
EBV-associated tumors are more common and in occasional Occidental cases.
This prompted us to investigate lymphoma biopsies from 7 non- Oriental
patients with NTCL for the expression of natural killer (NK) and T-cell
antigens, including TCR proteins, for the presence of EBV- encoded latent
membrane protein (LMP) using immunohistochemistry and for the presence of
EBV DNA and Epstein-Barr early region (EBER) RNA using in situ
hybridization (ISH). Six cases displayed a CD3-, TCR alpha beta-, TCR gamma
delta-, CD2+, CD7+, CD5-, CD4-, CD8-, CD56+ phenotype, suggesting that
these tumors may be peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) with extensive loss
of T-cell antigens and expression of the NK-cell (CD56) antigen or,
alternatively, NK-cell neoplasias. The remaining case was a gamma delta
PTCL, as shown by the CD3+, TCR gamma delta+ phenotype and the biallelic
gamma and delta TCR gene rearrangements. Using ISH, EBER RNA transcripts
were detected in tumor cells in all cases and EBV DNA was shown in the 6
tested cases. In all cases, tumor cells expressed LMP. These findings
support the concept that NTCL constitute a distinct group of lymphomas
that, in addition to their peculiar clinical features, exhibit an unusual
TCR "silent" CD56+ or TCR gamma delta+ phenotype and harbor the EBV. In
view of the LMP transforming potential, these data suggest that EBV may
play a role in the pathogenesis of NTCL.
Volume 81,
Issue 10,
pp. 2688-2695,
05/15/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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