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Comparative effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
(GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on priming
peripheral blood progenitor cells for use with autologous bone marrow after
high-dose chemotherapy
WP Peters, G Rosner, M Ross, J Vredenburgh, B Meisenberg, C Gilbert and J Kurtzberg
Duke University Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Durham, NC 27710.
Two hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors, granulocyte colony-
stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), have
been shown to accelerate leukocyte and neutrophil recovery after high-dose
chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow (BM) support. Despite their use, a
prolonged period of absolute leukopenia persists during which infections
and other complications of transplantation occur. We collected large
numbers of peripheral blood (PB) progenitors after CSF administration using
either G-CSF or GM-CSF and tested their ability to affect hematopoietic
reconstitution and resource utilization in patients undergoing high-dose
chemotherapy and autologous BM support. Patients with breast cancer or
melanoma undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and autologous BM support were
studied in sequential nonrandomized trials. After identical high-dose
chemotherapy, patients received either BM alone, with no CSF; BM with
either G-CSF or GM-CSF; or BM with G-CSF or GM-CSF and G-CSF or GM-CSF
primed peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC). Hematopoietic
reconstitution, as well as resource utilization, was monitored in these
patients. The use of CSF- primed PBPC led to a highly significant reduction
in the duration of leukopenia with a white blood cell (WBC) count under 100
and 200 cells/mL, and neutrophil count under 100 and 200 cells/mL with both
GM- and G-CSF primed PB progenitor cells, compared with the use of the CSF
with BM or with historical controls using BM alone. In addition, the use of
CSF-primed PBPC resulted in a significant reduction in median number of
antibiotics used, days in the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, and hospital
resources used. Patients receiving G-CSF primed PBPC also experienced a
reduction in the median number of days in the hospital, red blood cell
(RBC) transfusions, platelet transfusions, days on antibiotics, and
discounted hospital charges. Phenotypic analysis of the CSF-primed PBPC
indicated the presence of cells bearing antigens associated with both early
and late hematopoietic progenitor cells. The use of CSF-primed PBPC can
significantly improve hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy
and autologous BM support. In addition, the use of G-CSF-primed PBPC was
associated with a significant reduction in hospital resource utilization,
and a reduction in hospital charges.
Volume 81,
Issue 7,
pp. 1709-1719,
04/01/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology

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