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Infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by hepatitis C virus in
mixed cryoglobulinemia
C Ferri, M Monti, L La Civita, G Longombardo, F Greco, G Pasero, P Gentilini, S Bombardieri and AL Zignego
Istituto Patologia Medica I, University of Pisa, Italy.
A striking association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and mixed
cryoglobulinemia (MC) has been shown; thus, HCV seems to play an important
etiopathogenetic role in this lymphoproliferative disorder. Because HCV is
both a hepatotropic and lymphotropic virus, this study aimed to investigate
the prevalence of HCV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMCs) in a series of 16 patients with type II (IgMk) MC. Antibodies
against HCV were detected by commercially available kits (Second Generation
Chiron enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and recombinant-based
immunoblot assay [RIBA]), and the presence of HCV RNA was evaluated in both
sera and isolated PBMCs using the polymerase chain reaction technique. A
previous exposure to HCV was shown by ELISA and confirmed by RIBA in all
cases (100%). Moreover, HCV RNA was present in the sera of 8 of 16 patients
(50%), whereas its frequency markedly increased (13 of 16 [81%]) when
genomic sequences were detected in peripheral lymphocytes. HCV RNA was
never detected in the PBMCs of 20 control subjects. These findings showed
that HCV infection, alone or in combination with other factors, may be
responsible for the clonal B-cell expansion underlying the systemic
manifestations of MC, and may explain the appearance of a malignant non-
Hodgkin's lymphoma in some subjects.
Volume 82,
Issue 12,
pp. 3701-3704,
12/15/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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