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Megakaryocytic differentiation induced in 416B myeloid cells by GATA-2 and
GATA-3 transgenes or 5-azacytidine is tightly coupled to GATA-1 expression
J Visvader and JM Adams
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne
Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
The GATA 'zinc-finger' transcription factors are thought to have important
roles in the control of hematopoiesis. GATA-1 and GATA-2 are found in the
erythroid, mast cell, and megakaryocytic lineages, and GATA-3 in T
lymphocytes. GATA-1 is required for erythroid development and has recently
been shown by gene transfer to direct megakaryocytic differentiation of the
primitive myeloid cell line 416B. Here we show that enforced expression in
416B cells of either the GATA-2 or GATA-3 gene also induces megakaryocytic
differentiation, as assessed by cellular morphology, acetylcholinesterase
activity, polyploid DNA content, and loss of Mac-1 expression. No erythroid
or mast cell differentiation was found. Unexpectedly, the level of
endogenous GATA-1 mRNA had increased 20- to 30-fold among the
transfectants, whereas that of GATA-2 mRNA was unaltered and endogenous
GATA-3 transcripts remained undetectable. This finding suggests that GATA-2
and GATA-3 lie upstream of GATA-1 in a regulatory hierarchy and that, in
416B cells, GATA-1 may mediate the phenotypic changes induced by GATA-2 or
GATA-3. Furthermore, 416B cells treated with the DNA demethylating agent 5-
azacytidine underwent megakaryocytic differentiation accompanied by a
marked increase in the level of GATA-1 mRNA but not that of GATA-2 or
GATA-3. These results strongly implicate GATA factors in megakaryocytic
differentiation and suggest that, at least for 416B cells, GATA-1 is a
dominant regulator of maturation along this lineage.
Volume 82,
Issue 5,
pp. 1493-1501,
09/01/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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