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Lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cell activity in healthy old people
and centenarians [see comments]
P Sansoni, A Cossarizza, V Brianti, F Fagnoni, G Snelli, D Monti, A Marcato, G Passeri, C Ortolani and E Forti
Istituto di Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, University of Parma,
Italy.
The contribution of the immune system to healthy aging and longevity is
still an open question. For this reason, several immune parameters (T, B,
and natural killer [NK] cell subsets; non-major histocompatibility complex
[MHC]-restricted cytotoxic activities, ie, natural and redirected killing
[RDK] activities) were studied in a total of 138 healthy subjects of
different ages, from 4 to 106 years of age, including 26 centenarians. The
major age-related modifications were the following: (1) a decrease in the
absolute number of T lymphocytes (CD3+), involving both CD4+ and CD8+
subsets, accompanied by a marked concomitant increase in the number of
activated T cells (CD3+, HLA- DR+); (2) a marked decrease in the number of
B lymphocytes (CD19+); and (3) an increase in the number of cells with
markers of NK activity and of T lymphocytes able to mediate
non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity. These modifications linearly progressed
with age and centenarians followed the trend, suggesting that their immune
system did not escape the aging process. However, other immunohematologic
parameters (number of red blood cells, platelets, and leukocytes) and
important immune functions, such as cytotoxic activities (NK and RDK cell
activities), were well preserved throughout life until the last decades of
life. Unexpectedly, in apparently healthy middle-aged subjects, a decrease
of cytotoxic activities was observed in comparison with those of both young
controls and centenarians. In conclusions, our data suggest that in
centenarians some immune responses are kept at a high level of efficiency,
likely contributing to their successful aging. However, this selected group
of people does not escape the aging process, as shown by the progressive
derangement of a variety of immune parameters.
Volume 82,
Issue 9,
pp. 2767-2773,
11/01/1993
Copyright © 1993 by The American Society of Hematology
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