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Increased incidence of second neoplasms in patients treated with interferon
alpha 2b for hairy cell leukemia: a clinicopathologic assessment [see
comments]
P Kampmeier, R Spielberger, J Dickstein, R Mick, H Golomb and JW Vardiman
Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics, IL.
We report that there is an unexpectedly high incidence of second neoplasms
in patients after treatment of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) with interferon
alpha 2b (IFN). In a cohort of 69 patients with HCL entered in a protocol
using IFN as the primary treatment, and followed thereafter for a median of
91 months (range, 0.2 to 109 months), 13 patients (19%) developed a second
neoplasm. Six neoplasms were of hematopoietic origin, whereas the remaining
seven were adenocarcinomas. The expected number of second tumors in this
cohort is three (based on calculations from the National Cancer Institute's
SEER data), so the excess frequency (observed:expected) is 4.33. However,
the excess frequency is even greater for the hematopoietic neoplasms; the
expected frequency is 0.15, whereas six hematopoietic tumors occurred, for
an observed:expected ratio of 40. In general, the second neoplasms have
behaved aggressively, and the median survival after diagnosis of the second
neoplasm was only 8.8 months. Although we cannot entirely exclude the
possibility that IFN therapy has some direct oncogenic effect, we suspect
that increased frequency of second tumors is related to prolonged survival
of patients who are immunocompromised because of HCL and thus prone to
develop second tumors. If so, the frequency of second neoplasms in patients
with HCL may be even greater in the future with continued improvements in
therapy.
Volume 83,
Issue 10,
pp. 2931-2938,
05/15/1994
Copyright © 1994 by The American Society of Hematology

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