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Characterization of Thy-1 (CDw90) expression in CD34+ acute leukemia
JT Holden, RB Geller, DC Farhi, HK Holland, LL Stempora, CN Phillips and RA Bray
Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA,
USA.
Thy-1 (CDw90) is a phosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface molecule
which, when coexpressed with CD34 in normal human bone marrow, identifies a
population of immature cells that includes putative hematopoietic stem
cells. To date, the characterization of Thy-1 expression has been confined
largely to normal tissues and cell lines. In this study, we evaluated the
frequency and intensity of Thy-1 expression as defined by reactivity with
the anti-Thy-1 antibody 5E10 in 38 cases of CD34+ acute leukemia (21 acute
myelogenous leukemia [AML], 8 chronic myelogenous leukemia [CML] in blast
crisis, and 9 acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]). In 34 of 38 cases (89%)
the CD34+ cells lacked expression of the Thy-1 antigen. High-density Thy-1
expression was found in 1 case of CML in lymphoid blast crisis, and low-
density Thy-1 expression was identified on a portion of the leukemic cells
in 2 cases of AML with myelodysplastic features, and 1 case of CML in
myeloid blast crisis, suggesting a possible correlation between Thy-1
expression and certain instances of stem cell disorders such as CML and AML
with dysplastic features. In contrast, the dissociation of Thy-1 and CD34
expression in the majority of acute leukemias studied suggests that the
development of these leukemias occurs at a later stage than the
hematopoietic stem cell. Characterization of Thy-1 expression in acute
leukemia may eventually provide insights into the origin of the disease. In
addition, separation of leukemic blasts from normal stem cells based on
Thy-1 expression may prove useful in assessing residual disease, as well as
in excluding leukemic blasts from stem cell preparations destined for
autologous bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation.
Volume 86,
Issue 1,
pp. 60-65,
07/01/1995
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Hematology
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