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The expression of CD26 and CD40 ligand is mutually exclusive in human T-
cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas/leukemias
A Carbone, A Gloghini, V Zagonel, D Aldinucci, V Gattei, M Degan, S Improta, R Sorio, S Monfardini and A Pinto
Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto Nazionale
di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy.
CD26 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) are surface molecules on human activated T
lymphocytes that play a critical role in the regulation of lymphopoiesis.
Both molecules are expressed on a restricted fraction of human T-cell
non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL)/leukemias; however, little is known about
their functional and/or clinical significance in these disorders. In this
study, the pattern of expression of CD40L was compared with that of the
CD26 molecule. A series of 67 human T-cell NHL/leukemias and a panel of
leukemia/lymphoma T-cell lines were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, flow
cytometry, and RNA studies. The overall frequency of CD26+ and CD40L+
samples was rather similar (25/67 [37%] v 18/67 [27%]). However, the
majority of CD26-expressing cases clustered in the lymphoblastic lymphomas
(LBL)/T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL; 12/23) and CD30+ anaplastic
large-cell (ALC) lymphomas (5/8), whereas CD40L+ lymphomas included a large
fraction of mycosis fungoides (11/21 [52%]). CD26 and CD40L coexpression
was found only in 2 myocosis fungoides cases and 1 small lymphocytic
lymphoma. Thus, the expression of the two antigens was mutually exclusive
in almost all T- cell lymphomas/leukemias. Accordingly, lymphoma cell lines
expressed either one of the molecules or the relative amounts of CD26 and
CD40L were inversely proportional. In contrast, reactive T lymphocytes from
patients with non-neoplastic T-cell expansions and in vitro activated CD3+
or CD4+ normal T cells were found to coexpress CD40L and CD26. Results of a
multivariate analysis showed that the expression of CD26 in T-cell LBL/ALL
patients was associated to a worse outcome in terms of survival, as
compared with patients with CD26- tumors (P < or = .0001). Based on our
results, it can be concluded that, (1) as opposed to activated or reactive
normal T cells, the expression of CD26 and of CD40L is mutually exclusive
in human T-cell lymphomas/leukemias; (2) expression of CD26 is restricted
to aggressive pathologic entities, such as T-cell LBL/ALL and T-cell CD30+
ALC lymphomas, whereas CD40L is expressed on slow progressing diseases such
as mycosis fungoides; and (3) within the T-cell LBL/ALL group of tumors,
CD26 may identify a subset of poor prognosis patients.
Volume 86,
Issue 12,
pp. 4617-4626,
12/15/1995
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Hematology
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