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High frequency of acute promyelocytic leukemia among Latinos with acute
myeloid leukemia [see comments]
D Douer, S Preston-Martin, E Chang, PW Nichols, KJ Watkins and AM Levine
Department of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
A high frequency (24%) of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) was noted
among acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) cases at the Los Angeles County-
University of Southern California (LAC-USC) Medical Center, in comparison
with the expected frequency of 5% to 15%. Because of the high proportion of
Latinos in this center, we questioned if APL is more common in this ethnic
group. The proportion of APL among the 80 AML patients of Latino origin was
significantly higher (30; 37.5%) when compared with the 62 non-Latinos (4;
6.5%) (P = .00001). In an attempt to verify this finding on a larger group
of patients, we analyzed 276 pathologically verified cases of AML in
patients aged 30 to 69 years from the entire County of Los Angeles,
registered on an ongoing population-based epidemiologic study of AML. APL
was more frequent among the 47 Latinos (24.3%) than in the 229 non-Latinos
(8.3%) (P = .0075). APL is seen in younger patients with AML, but Latino
AML patients also had a higher frequency of APL after accounting for their
younger age (age-adjusted odds ratio for APL among Latinos in LAC-USC
Medical Center, 9.4 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9, 30] P = .0002; among
Latinos in the population-based study, 3.0 [95% CI 1.3 to 6.9] P = .01).
The different ethnic distribution of AML was found to be due to a higher
proportion of APL cases per se, and not to a lower proportion of any other
French-American-British subtype (P = .0004). These results, from two
different populations of AML patients, indicate that Latinos with AML have
a higher likelihood of the APL subtype of disease, which may suggest a
genetic predisposition to APL and/or exposure to distinct environmental
factor(s).
Volume 87,
Issue 1,
pp. 308-313,
01/01/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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