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Allogeneic marrow transplantation for refractory anemia: a comparison of
two preparative regimens and analysis of prognostic factors
JE Anderson, FR Appelbaum, G Schoch, T Gooley, C Anasetti, WI Bensinger, E Bryant, CD Buckner, TR Chauncey, RA Clift, K Doney, M Flowers, JA Hansen, PJ Martin, DC Matthews, JE Sanders, H Shulman, KM Sullivan, RP Witherspoon and R Storb
Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center,
Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
From 1990 to 1993 we performed a prospective study of busulfan (16 mg/kg)
and cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg) in 30 patients with refractory anemia (RA)
undergoing related (n = 17) or unrelated (n = 13) donor marrow
transplantation. Nineteen patients survive disease free (63% 3- year
actuarial disease-free survival [DFS]) and no patient relapsed. These
results were compared to those of 38 historical controls with RA treated
with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation, of whom 22 are
disease-free survivors and 1 relapsed. After correcting for significant
variables between the two treatment groups, we found no statistically
significant difference in outcome based on preparative regimen. Combining
data from these 68 patients plus 2 additional patients with RA treated
before 1993 with busulfan and cyclophosphamide, we identified four
variables independently associated with improved survival: younger age,
shorter disease duration, lower neutrophil count pretransplant, and lower
hematocrit pretransplant. We also found that 15 patients 40 to 55 years of
age had a 46% 3-year actuarial DFS and 26 patients receiving unrelated or
mismatched related donor marrow had a 50% 3-year actuarial DFS. We conclude
that there does not appear to be any significant difference in outcome
based on preparative regimen in this patient population. In addition,
allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may be a reasonable approach to
therapy of RA early after diagnosis. However, whether early intervention
with transplantation prolongs survival over that expected without
transplantation cannot be ascertained with certainty from available data.
Volume 87,
Issue 1,
pp. 51-58,
01/01/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology

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