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Role of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-7, and IL-15 in natural killer cell
differentiation from cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells and from
gamma c transduced severe combined immunodeficiency X1 bone marrow cells
M Cavazzana-Calvo, S Hacein-Bey, G de Saint Basile, C De Coene, F Selz, F Le Deist and A Fischer
Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale U 429, Hopital
Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Natural killer (NK) cells are characterized by their ability to mediate
spontaneous cytotoxicity against susceptible tumor cells and infected
cells. They differentiate from hematopoietic progenitor cells. Patients
with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID X1) carry mutations in
the gamma c cytokine receptor gene that result in lack of both T and NK
cells. To assess the role of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-7, and IL-15
cytokines, which share gamma c receptor subunit, in NK cell
differentiation, we have studied NK cell differentiation from cord blood
CD34 (+) cells in the presence of either stem cell factor (SCF), IL-2, and
IL-7 or SCF and IL-15. The former cytokine combination efficiently induced
CD34 (+) CD7 (+) cord blood cells to proliferate and mature into NK cells,
while the latter was also able to induce NK cell differentiation from more
immature CD34 (+) CD7 (-) cord blood cells. NK cells expressed CD56 and
efficiently killed K562 target cells. These results show that IL-15 could
play an important role in the maturation of NK cell from cord blood
progenitors. Following retroviral-mediated gene transfer of gamma c into
SCID X1 bone marrow progenitors, it was possible to reproduce a similar
pattern of NK cell differentiation in two SCID-X1 patients with SCF + IL-2
+ IL-7 and more efficiently in one of them with SCF + IL-15. These results
strongly suggest that the gamma c chain transduces major signal(s) involved
in NK cell differentiation from hematopoietic progenitor cells and that IL-
15 interaction with gamma c is involved in this process at an earlier step
than IL-2/IL-7 interactions of gamma c are. It also shows that gene
transfer into hematopoietic progenitor cells could potentially restore NK
cell differentiation in SCID X1 patients.
Volume 88,
Issue 10,
pp. 3901-3909,
11/15/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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