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Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor: stage- specific
expression and function on late B cells
KJ Till, J Burthem, A Lopez and JC Cawley
Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, United Kingdom.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptors (GMR)
are expressed on myeloid cells throughout their maturational sequence.
During myelopoiesis, GM-CSF induces the proliferation of precursors and has
multiple effects on more mature cells; such effects include induction of
maturation and priming for subsequent stimulation. GMR is expressed on a
range of other cell types including acute leukemic blasts of myeloid and
lymphoid lineage, but has been little studied on more mature lymphoid
cells. Using sensitive triple-layer immunophenotypic techniques, we show
here that both the alpha and beta c chains of the GMR are expressed on
hairy cells (HCs) and myelomatous plasma cells (PCs), but not on chronic
lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL) lymphocytes.
The receptor was demonstrable on normal PCs in tonsil, but not on either
activated or resting tonsillar B cells or on circulating normal B
lymphocytes. The expression of the receptor is therefore stage specific,
rather than a feature of activation. Perhaps, surprisingly, in view of its
effects on myeloid cells, GM-CSF did not stimulate the proliferation or
differentiation of HCs and did not protect them from apoptosis. However,
the cytokine had a profound effect on the interaction of the HC with its
environment. Thus, the cytokine caused a major cytoskeletal reorganization
resulting in the inhibition of motility and loss of adhesion to cellular
and matrix ligands. These studies indicate the importance of GM-CSF outside
myelopoiesis and demonstrate a previously unrecognized stage specific role
for the cytokine in B-cell biology. Taken together with our previous report
that M-CSF enhances B-cell motility, the present findings indicate that
myeloid growth factors act in concert to facilitate the controlled
migration of certain B cells into and within tissues.
Volume 88,
Issue 2,
pp. 479-486,
07/15/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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