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Evolution of blood coagulation activators and inhibitors in the healthy
human fetus
P Reverdiau-Moalic, B Delahousse, G Body, P Bardos, J Leroy and Y Gruel
Laboratoire d'Hematologie-Hemostas Foetale, Groupe Interactions Hote-
Greffon, Faculte de Medecine, Tours, France.
Blood coagulation proteins were determined in 285 healthy fetuses from 19
to 38 weeks' gestation and compared with those of 60 normal full- term
newborns and 40 adult controls. Prolongation of the coagulation screening
tests, prothrombin time, activated partial prothrombin time, and thrombin
clotting time, in fetuses throughout intrauterine life was explained by low
levels of vitamin K-dependent factors (II, VII, IX, and X), contact factors
(XI, XII, prekallikrein, and high-molecular- weight kininogen), factor V,
factor VIII, and fibrinogen. Low levels of antithrombin III, heparin
cofactor II, protein C and protein S, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor
were also found, and these probably contributed to a satisfactory
hemostatic balance. Some of these parameters were evaluated by both
immunologic and functional assays to detect possible "fetal" proteins. An
increase in factor levels was observed after the thirty-fourth week of
intrauterine life for most of the coagulation activators and inhibitors,
but only factors V and VIII reached adult values at birth. This study
therefore showed that fetal hemostasis is a dynamic system that evolves
gradually toward the neonatal state and then toward the adult state.
Volume 88,
Issue 3,
pp. 900-906,
08/01/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology

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