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Association of smooth muscle cell tissue factor with caveolae
AB Mulder, JW Smit, VJ Bom, NR Blom, MH Ruiters, MR Halie and J van der Meer
Department of Haematology, University Hospital, University of Groningen,
The Netherlands.
There is still no satisfactory explanation for the low catalytic activity
of tissue factor (TF)/factor VII(a) complexes towards coagulation factor X,
as found on the apical surface side of cell layers. It has been
hypothesized that TF exists in a latent form. Layers of cultured human
smooth muscle cells, constitutively expressing TF, were immunogold-labeled
for TF in situ and processed for electron microscopy. We showed that,
besides internalization and accumulation in lysosomal-like structures, TF
remained associated with noncoated, flask- shaped microinvaginations of the
plasma membrane. These invaginations were identified as caveolae. In
regions in which intercellular contacts were interrupted, more TF-positive
caveolae were observed. Enzymatically detached smooth muscle cells
exhibited a similar enlargement of caveolar structures. Concomitantly, an
increase of catalytic activity of apically formed TF/VIIa complexes towards
factor X was found on the suspended cells. We speculate that caveolae-
associated TF may function as a latent pool of procoagulant activity, which
can rapidly be activated at sites in which vessel wall integrity is lost.
Volume 88,
Issue 4,
pp. 1306-1313,
08/15/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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