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Analysis of platelet adhesion to a collagen-coated surface under flow
conditions: the involvement of glycoprotein VI in the platelet adhesion
M Moroi, SM Jung, K Shinmyozu, Y Tomiyama, A Ordinas and M Diaz-Ricart
Department of Protein Biochemistry, Institute of Life Science, Kurume
University, Japan.
Platelet adhesion to the exposed surface of the extracellular matrix in
flowing blood is the first and critical reaction for in vivo thrombus
formation. However, the mechanism of this in vivo platelet adhesion has yet
to be studied extensively. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a
practical assay method for assessing platelet adhesion under flow
conditions. We have devised an assay method (the fluorescent adhesion
assay) that is based on the technique originally reported by Hubbell and
McIntire (Biomaterials 7:354, 1986) with some modifications to make it more
amenable for assaying small samples and have developed an analysis method
to quantify the extent of platelet adhesion and aggregation from
fluorescence images by using a computer-assisted image analysis system. In
our assay, platelet adhesion, expressed as the percentage of the area
covered by adhered platelets, was found to increase biphasically as a
function of time. In the first phase, platelets interacted with the coated
collagen, transiently stopping on the surface; we called this reaction the
temporary arrest. In the second phase, platelets adhered much more rapidly
and permanently on the surface, and this adhesion was dependent on the
shear rate; platelets formed aggregates in this phase. We used our assay to
analyze the effects of platelet aggregation inhibitors on platelet
adhesion. All three examined inhibitors, EDTA (10 mmol/L), antiglycoprotein
(GP) IIb/IIIa, and GRGDS peptide (1 mmol/L), inhibited the second phase
adhesion in flowing blood. Furthermore, GPVI-deficient platelets also
showed defective second-phase adhesion under the same conditions. These
results suggested that GPIIb/IIIa activation and GPVI contribute to the
reaction inducing the second phase. The second-phase adhesion has been
extensively investigated, and the consensus is that this reaction is mainly
attributable to the platelet-platelet interaction. In this report, we were
able to detect an earlier reaction, the temporary arrest. This temporary
arrest would reflect the fast and weak interaction between platelet GPIb/IX
and collagen-von Willebrand factor complexes on the collagen-coated
surface.
Volume 88,
Issue 6,
pp. 2081-2092,
09/15/1996
Copyright © 1996 by The American Society of Hematology
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