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Formation of multinucleated giant cells in vitro is dependent on the stage
of monocyte to macrophage maturation
J Most, L Spotl, G Mayr, A Gasser, A Sarti and MP Dierich
Institut fur Hygiene, Leopold-Franzens-Universitat, Innsbruck, Austria.
Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) are a common feature of granulomas that
develop during various inflammatory reactions. MGC originate from fusion of
monocytes or macrophages, but the exact mechanism of their generation is
still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the influence of
monocyte to macrophage maturation on the ability of human
monocytes/macrophages to fuse with each other. MGC were generated in vitro
by stimulation of human peripheral blood monocytes with cytokine containing
supernatants. With freshly isolated monocytes, fusion rates of up to 90%
were obtained. When monocyte to macrophage maturation was induced by
culturing the cells in human serum, fusion rates gradually decreased with
advancing time of the preceding culture (corresponding to the stage of
differentiation) and almost no MGC formation could be obtained with
8-day-old macrophages. In contrast, fusion rates did not decrease when
monocytes had been cultured under serum free conditions before stimulation.
When freshly isolated monocytes were added to 1- week cultured macrophages,
which had been membrane-labeled with a fluorochrome, fusion between the two
populations could be induced. Because the ability for intracellular killing
of certain pathogens is reduced in macrophages, fusion with monocytes
(newly arriving at the site of inflammation) may represent an attempt to
restore this capacity.
Volume 89,
Issue 2,
pp. 662-671,
01/15/1997
Copyright © 1997 by The American Society of Hematology
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