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Characterization of Overt B-Cell Lymphomas in Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Salvatore De Vita,
Cosimo Sacco,
Domenico Sansonno,
Annunziata Gloghini,
Franco Dammacco,
Marina Crovatto,
Gianfranco Santini,
Riccardo Dolcetti,
Mauro Boiocchi,
Antonino Carbone, and
Vittorina Zagonel
From the Divisions of Experimental Oncology 1, Medical Oncology, and Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Aviano; DIMO, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari, Bari; and the Division of Microbiology, Pordenone City Hospital, Pordenone, Italy.
A pathogenetic role of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been hypothesized for a subset of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). However, the preliminary characterization of B-cell NHLs in HCV-infected individuals has been poorly addressed. In the present study, we report detailed information on 35 consecutive patients with overt B-cell NHL of recent onset and HCV infection; all patients referred to a single oncological center in Northeast Italy. Histopathologic evaluation was performed by a single reference hemopathologist, and the link with the two relevant autoimmune diseases predisposing to B-cell NHL and in which HCV has been implied, ie, "essential" mixed cryoglobulinemia (EMC) and Sjögren's syndrome, was investigated. Control groups included 122 consecutive HCV-negative patients with B-cell NHL and 464 consecutive histopathologic cases of B-cell NHL referred to the same center, as well as 127 consecutive patients with HCV infection and without lymphoma referred to a different center in the same geographical area. B-cell NHLs in HCV-infected patients frequently presented at onset (1) an extranodal localization with peculiar target organs of HCV infection (ie, the liver and major salivary glands) being significantly overrepresented; (2) a diffuse large cell histotype without any prior history of low-grade B-cell malignancy or bone marrow involvement; and (3) a weak association with a full-blown predisposing autoimmune disease, although serum autoimmune features were common and cryoglobulins were always present. Therefore, the HCV-related B-cell NHLs in this oncological series presented distinctive features compared with B-cell NHLs in HCV-negative patients, and they differed from bone marrow low-grade NHLs frequently diagnosed in HCV-positive patients with EMC. Such novel information may be relevant for future research aimed at clarifying the possible link between HCV infection, autoimmunity, nonmalignant B-cell lymphoproliferation, and overt B-cell malignancy.
Blood, Vol. 90 No. 2 (July 15), 1997:
pp. 776-782
© 1997 by The American Society of Hematology.
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