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Natural History of GBV-C/Hepatitis G Virus Infection Through the Follow-Up of GBV-C/Hepatitis G Virus-Infected Blood Donors and Recipients Studied by RNA Polymerase Chain Reaction and Anti-E2 Serology
Jean-Jacques Lefrère,
Pascale Loiseau,
Jacqueline Maury,
Jacqueline Lasserre,
Martine Mariotti,
Nadine Ravera,
Joelle Lerable,
Guillaume Lefèvre,
Laurence Morand-Joubert, and
Robert Girot
From the Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris; Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine de l'AP-HP, sites Saint-Louis et Tenon, Paris; Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris; Laboratoire d'hématologie, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France.
The aims of this study were to determine the outcome and the natural history of GBV-C/hepatitis G virus (HGV) infection and to establish the frequency of acute or persistent infections in multiply-transfused individuals and blood donors. We used a GBV-C/HGV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and an assay evidencing antibodies to the envelop protein E2, which is considered a marker for virus clearance. Among 16 PCR-positive recipients, 11 were still positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA at the end of the study period; six of the 16 recipients were GBV-C/HGV infected during the study period and thus had a well-defined date of infection. The 16 patients were shown to carry GBV-C/HGV RNA over a mean period of 4.4 years, for a mean observational period (defined as the follow-up period since the first sample positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA) of 5.3 years. Within the limits of the study period, the patients with a well-defined date of infection were positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA during a mean period of 4.7 years. If defined by the presence of GBV-C/HGV RNA for at least 6 months, the persistent infection rate was 100% in this recipient cohort. Serum anti-E2 antibody was evidenced at least once in five (31.2%) recipients and, except in one case, became detectable after the loss of GBV-C/HGV RNA. Among the 11 blood donors, all were still positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA after a mean follow-up period of 7.7 months. The persistent infection rate was 100% in this donor cohort. Once acquired, the infection to GBV-C/HGV generally tends to persist in immunocompetent patients.
Blood, Vol. 90 No. 9 (November 1), 1997:
pp. 3776-3780
© 1997 by The American Society of Hematology.
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