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The Umbilical Cord Blood   T-Cell Repertoire:
Characteristics of a Polyclonal and Naive but Completely Formed
Repertoire
Laurent Garderet,
Nicolas Dulphy,
Corinne Douay,
Nathalie Chalumeau,
Véronique Schaeffer,
Marie-Thérèse Zilber,
Annick Lim,
Jos Even,
Nuala Mooney,
Catherine Gelin,
Eliane Gluckman,
Dominique Charron, and
Antoine Toubert
From the Laboratoire d'Immunogénétique Humaine, INSERM
U.396, Institut Biomédical des Cordeliers et Centre G. Hayem,
Hôpital Saint-Louis; and the Unité de Biologie
Moléculaire du Gène, INSERM U.277, Institut Pasteur and the
Service d'Hématologie-Greffe de Moelle Osseuse, Hôpital
Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
Umbilical cord blood (CB) constitutes a promising alternative to
bone marrow for allogeneic transplantation and is increasingly used
because of the reduced severity of graft-versus-host disease after CB
transplantation. We have compared the T-cell receptor  chain (TCRB)
diversity of CB lymphocytes with that of adult lymphocytes by analyzing
the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) size heterogeneity. In
marked contrast to adult samples, we observed bell-shaped profiles in
all of the 22 functional -chain variable (BV) subfamilies
that reflect the lack of prior antigenic stimulation in CB
samples. However, the mean CDR3 size and BV usage were comparable
between CB and adult samples. BJ2 (65%) segments were used
preferentially to BJ1 (35%), especially BJ2S7, BJ2S5, BJ2S3, and
BJ2S1, in both CB and in adult lymphocytes. We therefore conclude that
although naive as reflected by the heterogeneity of the CDR3 size, the
TCRBV repertoire appears fully constituted at birth. The ability to
expand TCRB subfamilies was confirmed by stimulation with
staphylococcal superantigens toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and
staphylococcal enterotoxin A. This study provides the basis for future
analysis of the T-cell repertoire reconstitution following umbilical CB
transplantation.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 1 (January 1), 1998:
pp. 340-346
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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