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Combined Arsenic and Retinoic Acid Treatment Enhances
Differentiation and Apoptosis in Arsenic-Resistant NB4 Cells
Maurizio Giannì,
Marcel H.M. Koken,
Mounira K. Chelbi-Alix,
Gérard Benoit,
Michel Lanotte,
Zhu Chen, and
Hugues de Thé
From the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité
Propre de Recherche 9051, Laboratoire associé au Comité de
Paris de la Ligue Contre le Cancer, UIH, Université Paris VII,
Service de Biochimie B, Hôpital St Louis, Paris; INSERM
Unité 496, Hôpital St Louis, Paris, France; Shanghai
Institute of Hematology, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai, China.
In the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4, as well as
in APL patients' cells, arsenic trioxide
(As2O3) leads to incomplete cell maturation,
induction of apoptosis, as well as to the degradation of the oncogenic
PML/RAR fusion protein. We have isolated an arsenic-resistant NB4
subline (NB4-AsR), which fails to undergo apoptosis, but
maintains the partial differentiation response to this drug. When grown
in the presence of As2O3, NB4-AsR
cells degrade PML/RAR , slightly differentiate, and become more sensitive to serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. Similarly, in RA-resistant NB4-R1 cells, RA induced a significant PML/RAR
degradation and yet failed to induce cell maturation. Thus,
As2O3- or retinoic acid (RA)-induced PML/RAR
degradation may be a prerequisite, but is not sufficient for the full
differentiative/apoptotic response to these drugs. Strikingly,
RA-triggered differentiation and apoptosis were greatly accelerated in
As2O3-treated NB4-AsR cells. The
synergism between these two agents in this setting could provide an
experimental basis for combined or sequential RA/As2O3 therapies.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 11 (June 1), 1998:
pp. 4300-4310
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

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