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Altered Interleukin-12 Responsiveness in Th1 and Th2 Cells Is Associated With the Differential Activation of STAT5 and STAT1

Jared A. Gollob, Erin A. Murphy, Sudipta Mahajan, Claudia P. Schnipper, Jerome Ritz, and David A. Frank

From the Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

T-cell activation in response to interleukin-12 (IL-12) is mediated through signaling events that include the tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT4. IL-12 responsiveness and the ability of IL-12 to activate STAT4 is different in T cells induced to differentiate into a Th1 or Th2 phenotype. In this report, we show that STAT5, STAT1alpha , and STAT1beta , in addition to STAT4, are tyrosine phosphorylated in response to IL-12 in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated human T cells. To understand how the activation of these STATs contributes to T-cell IL-12 responsiveness, we analyzed the IL-12-induced activation of STAT5 and STAT1 in T cells stimulated to undergo Th1 or Th2 differentiation. The IL-12-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT5 and STAT1, but not STAT4, is augmented in T cells activated into Th1 cells with PHA + interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma ) compared with T cells activated with PHA alone. STAT5 DNA binding induced by IL-12 is also augmented in T cells activated with PHA + IFN-gamma compared with T cells activated with PHA alone, whereas STAT4 DNA binding is not increased. In contrast, the IL-12-induced activation of these STATs is inhibited in T cells activated into Th2 cells with PHA + IL-4. The enhancement of IL-12 signaling by IFN-gamma is not a direct effect of IFN-gamma on T cells, but rather is mediated by IL-12 that is produced by antigen-presenting cells in response to IFN-gamma . This positive autoregulatory effect of IL-12 on the activation of select STATs correlates with an increase in T-cell IFN-gamma production in response to IL-12. These findings suggest that the activation of STAT5 and STAT1 may augment select STAT4-dependent functional responses to IL-12 in Th1 cells.

Blood, Vol. 91 No. 4 (February 15), 1998: pp. 1341-1354
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.


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