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TEL-AML1 Fusion Transcript in Relapsed Childhood Acute
Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Karlheinz Seeger,
Hans-Peter Adams,
Dirk Buchwald,
Birgit Beyermann,
Bernhard Kremens,
Charlotte Niemeyer,
Jörg Ritter,
Dirk Schwabe,
Dörte Harms,
Martin Schrappe, and
Günter Henze for the Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group
From the Departments of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology,
Charité-Virchow-Klinikum, Humboldt-University at Berlin, Berlin;
Gesamthochschule Essen, Essen; Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg;
Westfälische-Wilhelms-University, Münster;
Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University, Frankfurt; University Hamburg,
Hamburg; and Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
The cryptic translocation t(12;21)(p13;q22) has been recently
recognized as the most common genetic rearrangement in B-lineage childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The resulting fusion transcript, termed TEL-AML1, has been associated with an
excellent prognosis at initial ALL diagnosis. Hence, we postulated that the incidence of TEL-AML1 fusion should be lower in patients
with ALL relapse. To address this assumption and to investigate the prognostic significance of TEL-AML1 expression in relapsed
childhood ALL, bone marrow samples of 146 children were analyzed by
reverse-transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All
children were treated according to Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)
ALL relapse trial protocols (ALL-REZ BFM 90-96). Their clinical
features and outcome were compared with those of 262 patients who could
not be tested due to lack of bone marrow samples. Thirty-two of 146 children with relapsed ALL were TEL-AML1-positive. Four of the
negative patients had T-lineage and nine Philadelphia chromosome
(Ph)-positive leukemia. Thus, the incidence of
TEL-AML1 in relapsed Ph1-negative, B-cell precursor
ALL is 32 of 133 (24%). The 32 TEL-AML1-positive and 101 negative patients differed significantly with respect to duration of
last remission (42.5 v 27 months; P = .0001) and age at initial diagnosis (53.5 v 74 months;
P = .0269). At a median follow-up time of 21.5 months,
children positive for TEL-AML1 had a significantly
(P = .0011) higher probability of event-free survival (EFS;
0.79 v 0.33). The predominant majority of patients had been
treated for initial ALL according to German multicenter BFM (108 of
133) or Cooperative ALL study group (CoALL) (19 of 133)
frontline protocols. The comparison of tested and not-tested (N = 262) patients showed no significant difference.
TEL-AML1 positivity predicted a favorable short-term outcome;
long-term results are unknown. Screening for TEL-AML1 should
become routine at relapse diagnosis and might be used for therapy
stratification in future trials.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 5 (March 1), 1998:
pp. 1716-1722
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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