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Anti-VLA4/VCAM-1 Induced Mobilization Requires Cooperative Signaling
Through the kit/mkit Ligand Pathway
Thalia Papayannopoulou,
Gregory V. Priestley, and
Betty Nakamoto
From the Department of Medicine/Hematology, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA.
Although a large body of data on mobilization have yielded valuable
clues, the mechanism(s) dictating egress of stem/progenitor cells
during baseline hematopoiesis and after their mobilization are poorly
understood. We have previously provided functional in vivo evidence
that cytoadhesion molecules, specifically the  1
integrins, are involved in mobilization; however, the mechanism by
which this was achieved was unclear. To provide further insights into
the anti-very late antigen 4 (VLA4)/anti-vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) induced mobilization, we used these antibodies to
treat mutant mice with compromised growth factor receptor function. We
found that mobilization by anti-VLA4 does not depend on a functional granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-7 (IL-7), or IL-3
receptor. By contrast, the functional kit receptor is required, because
W/Wv mice responded minimally, whereas
Steel-Dickie (Sl/Sld) responded normally. Both
Wv and Sl/Sld mice did not respond to
anti-VCAM-1 treatment, in contrast to their +/+ littermates and
despite normal levels of VCAM-1 expression in bone marrow cells. The
defective response to anti-VCAM-1 in W/Wv mice was
corrected after their transplantation with +/+ cells. mev/mev mice showed increased
numbers of circulating progenitors before treatment and a heightened
response after anti-VLA4 or anti-VCAM-1 treatment. Downmodulation of
kit expression was detected in normal bone marrow cells after anti-VLA4
treatment. On the strength of the above findings we conclude that (1)
anti-VLA4/VCAM-1induced mobilization likely requires signaling for
stimulation of cell migration; (2) this cooperative signaling involves
the kit/kit ligand pathway, and provides a novel example of
integrin/cytokine crosstalk; and (3) migration mediated through the
kit/kit ligand pathway may be a common contributor to different
mobilization stimuli. Dissection of the exact molecular pathways that
lead to mobilization remains a future challenge.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 7 (April 1), 1998:
pp. 2231-2239
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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