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Eotaxin Induces a Rapid Release of Eosinophils and Their
Progenitors From the Bone Marrow
Roger T. Palframan,
Paul D. Collins,
Timothy J. Williams, and
Sara
M. Rankin
From the Leukocyte Biology Section, Biomedical Sciences Division,
Imperial College School of Medicine at the National Heart and Lung
Institute, London, UK.
The CC-chemokine eotaxin is a potent eosinophil chemoattractant that
stimulates recruitment of eosinophils from the blood to sites of
allergic inflammation. Mobilization from the bone marrow is an
important early step in eosinophil trafficking during the allergic
inflammatory response. In this paper we examine the potential of
eotaxin to mobilize eosinophils and their progenitors from bone marrow.
Eotaxin stimulated selective, dose-dependent chemotaxis of guinea pig
bone marrow eosinophils in vitro. Intravenous injection of eotaxin (1 nmol/kg) into guinea pigs in vivo stimulated a rapid blood eosinophilia
(from 3.9 ± 1.2 to 28 ± 9.9 × 104
eosinophils/mL at 30 minutes) and a corresponding decrease in the
number of eosinophils retained in the femoral marrow (from 9.0 ± 0.8 to 4.8 ± 0.8 × 106 eosinophils per
femur). To show a direct release of eosinophils from the bone marrow an
in situ perfusion system of the guinea pig femoral bone marrow was
developed. Infusion of eotaxin into the arterial supply of the perfused
femoral marrow stimulated a rapid and selective release of eosinophils
into the draining vein. In addition, eotaxin stimulated the release of
colony-forming progenitor cells. The cytokine interleukin-5 was
chemokinetic for bone marrow eosinophils and exhibited a marked
synergism with eotaxin with respect to mobilization of mature
eosinophils from the femoral marrow. Thus, eotaxin may be involved in
both the mobilization of eosinophils and their progenitors from the
bone marrow into the blood and in their subsequent recruitment into sites of allergic inflammation.
Blood, Vol. 91 No. 7 (April 1), 1998:
pp. 2240-2248
© 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.
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