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Blood, Vol. 92 No. 11 (December 1), 1998: pp. 4036-4039

The Viral Chemokine Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-II Is a Selective Th2 Chemoattractant

S. Sozzani, W. Luini, G. Bianchi, P. Allavena, T.N.C. Wells, M. Napolitano, G. Bernardini, A. Vecchi, D. D'Ambrosio, D. Mazzeo, F. Sinigaglia, A. Santoni, E. Maggi, S. Romagnani, and A. Mantovani

From the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche `Mario Negri,' Milan; Section of Pathology and Immunology, Department Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Serono Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Geneva, Switzerland; Istitute Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Rome; Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome; University of Rome "La Sapienza," Rome; Roche Milano Ricerche, Milan; and Istituto di Medicina Interna e Immunoallergologia, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesions are characterized by a prominent leukocyte infiltrate composed of mononuclear phagocytes and T cells. KS-associated CD4+ and CD8+ cells showed predominantly a type II cytokine profile. The CC chemokine viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II (vMIP-II) encoded by the KS-associated herpes virus 8 was a selective chemoattractant for T helper 2 (Th2 cells) and for monocytes, whereas it was inactive on other leukocytes, including Th1 cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. vMIP-II was an agonist for CCR8, a chemokine receptor selectively expressed on CD4+ and CD8+ cells with a type II cytokine profile. Hence, vMIP-II has agonist activity for a chemokine receptor (CCR8), which is preferentially expressed on polarized Th2 cells. The capacity of vMIP-II to attract type II T cells selectively is likely to be a component of the virus strategy to subvert the host immune response.


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