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Blood, Vol. 93 No. 8 (April 15), 1999: pp. 2543-2551

Functional Expression of the High Affinity Receptor for IgE (Fcepsilon RI) in Human Platelets and Its' Intracellular Expression in Human Megakaryocytes

Shunji Hasegawa, Ruby Pawankar, Katsuhiro Suzuki, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, Susumu Furukawa, Ko Okumura, and Chisei Ra

From the Department of Immunology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan; and the Department of Clinical Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

The high affinity IgE receptor (Fcvarepsilon RI) expressed on the cell surface of mast cells and basophils is the key molecule in triggering the IgE-mediated allergic reaction. Recently, it was elucidated that the Fcvarepsilon RI is expressed on a variety of other cells like Langerhans cells, monocytes, and eosinophils, and the functional importance of the Fcvarepsilon RI expression in Langerhans cells was also shown. Some studies suggest that human platelets may play important roles in allergic inflammation through the cell-surface expression of the Fcvarepsilon RII and Fcgamma RII. Here, we report that human platelets and megakaryocytes constitutively express the messenger RNA and protein for the Fcvarepsilon RI. Although the Fcvarepsilon RI is expressed on the cell surface of human platelets, it is only detected in the cytoplasm of human megakaryocytes. We also confirmed that human platelets express the genes for the alpha , beta , and gamma  chains of the Fcvarepsilon RI without any defined mutations. Furthermore, stimulation of human platelets via the Fcvarepsilon RI induced the release of serotonin and RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed, and presumably Secreted). Taken together, these results suggest a novel and important role for human platelets in perpetuating allergic inflammation through the expression of and activation via the Fcvarepsilon RI.


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