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Blood, Vol. 94 No. 1 (July 1), 1999:
pp. 359-361
Embryonic Hemoglobins Are Expressed in Definitive Cells
H.Y. Luo,
X.L. Liang,
C. Frye,
M. Wonio,
G.D.V. Hankins,
D.H.K. Chui, and
B.P. Alter
From the Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and
Maternal/Fetal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston, Texas; and the Department of Pathology and Molecular
Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada.
Human embryonic  and  globin chains are synthesized in yolk
sac-derived primitive erythroid cells, and decrease rapidly during
definitive erythropoiesis. Examination of and globin expression
at the cellular level using dual-color immunofluorescence staining with
specific monoclonal antibodies showed that embryonic globin proteins
are present in definitive erythroid cells. More than half of fetal
erythrocytes were positive for and ~5% for globin.
Approximately one third of newborn red blood cells were -positive
and less than 1% -positive. Adult erythrocytes did not have
embryonic globins. Erythroblasts that developed in liquid cultures also
contained embryonic globin in amounts which declined with ontogenic
age, and the proportion of positive cells in vitro was less than in the
comparable erythrocytes that developed in vivo. Thus, embryonic globin
chains are synthesized in definitive erythroid cells and decrease with
ontogeny. Modulation of embryonic globin gene expression is not solely
due to a switch from primitive to definitive erythropoiesis.
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